According to Donald McGannon, “Leadership is action, not position.” Leadership attracts universal attention because it is all around us. The essence is service, meeting needs, and solving problems. The ultimate test of leadership is the ability to initiate and create change. Leadership is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal. Managers are appointed by other people. Leaders appoint themselves. 

Therefore, deciding to be a leader is a choice we have to make on our own. Leadership involves influence. It is concerned with how a leader affects followers. Influence remains the sine qua non of leadership, without influence, leadership does not exist. Leadership emerges in the following approaches, theories, and contexts:

• Trait Approach: Leadership is about who you This is about one’s character. Skills are who leaders are. The focus is on personality characteristics, which are innate and largely fixed. Some of the major traits that a good leader possesses are intelligence, self- confidence, determination, integrity, and sociability.
• Skill Approach: Leadership is about what you This is about one’s competence. The emphasis is on skills and abilities that can be learned and developed. Skills are what leaders can accomplish. Hence, effective leadership depends on the three basic personal skills: technical (knowledge about and proficiency in a specialized area and ability to use appropriate tools and techniques); human (knowledge about and ability to work with people); and conceptual (ability to work with ideas and concepts). Among these three, conceptual skills are the most important at top management levels.
• Style Approach: Leadership is about how you act. The emphasis is on the behaviour of the leader. focuses exclusively on what leaders do and how they act. Leadership style consists of two general kinds of behaviour: task (facilitates goal accomplishment) and relationship (help  subordinates feel comfortable with themselves, with each other, and with the situation in which they find themselves).
• Transformational Leadership: This is concerned with the process of how certain leaders are able to inspire followers to accomplish great things. It stresses that leaders need to understand and adapt to the needs and motives of
• Servant Leadership: Servant leadership is a paradox: an approach to leadership that runs counter to common sense. Our everyday images of leadership do not coincide with leaders being servants. Leaders influence and servants follow. This looks like spiritual leadership. Servant leaders put followers first, empower them and help them develop their full personal They are ethical. Some of the characteristics are listening, empathy, healing, awareness, persuasion, conceptualization, foresight, stewardship, commitment to the growth of people and building community.
• Authentic Leadership: It focuses on whether leadership is genuine and real. Authentic leadership describes leadership that is transparent, morally grounded, and responsive to people’s needs and
• Ethical Leadership: Ethics is central to leadership and leaders help to establish and reinforce organisational values. Sound ethical leadership is rooted in respect, service, justice, honesty, and community. Ethical leaders face the challenges of loyalty, power, privilege, consistency, and
• Situational Approach: Focuses on how leaders can become effective in any given Leadership tools such as trait questionnaire, skill inventory, leadership behaviour description questionnaire (style), and the perceived leadership integrity scale (ethics) shall be deployed to assist participants to measure their leadership outcomes.